Iyini imigomo yokuthunyelwa kwendlu ngendlu?
Ngaphezu kwemibandela yokuthumela evamile efana ne-EXW ne-FOB,endlini ngendluukuthumela futhi kuyisinqumo esidumile kumakhasimende we-Senghor Logistics. Phakathi kwazo, ukungena kwendlu ngendlu kuhlukaniswe izinhlobo ezintathu: i-DDU, i-DDP, ne-DAP. Amagama ahlukene nawo ahlukanisa izibopho zezinhlangothi ngokwehlukana.
Imigomo ye-DDU (Delivered Duty Unpaid):
Incazelo kanye nobubanzi besibopho:Imigomo ye-DDU isho ukuthi umthengisi uletha izimpahla kumthengi endaweni emisiwe ngaphandle kokulandela izinqubo zokungenisa noma ukukhulula izimpahla emotweni yokulethwa, okungukuthi, ukulethwa kuqediwe. Ensizakalweni yokuthumela yendlu ngendlu, umdayisi uzothwala impahla nobungozi bokuthumela impahla endaweni eqokiwe yezwe elingenisayo, kodwa amanani okungenisa kanye nezinye izintela zizothwalwa umthengi.
Isibonelo, uma umkhiqizi wezinto zikagesi waseShayina ethumela izimpahla ekhasimendeniUSA, lapho imigomo ye-DDU yamukelwa, umkhiqizi waseShayina unesibopho sokuthumela izimpahla ngolwandle endaweni ebekwe ikhasimende laseMelika (umkhiqizi waseShayina angaphathisa umthumeli wezimpahla ukuthi aphathe). Kodwa-ke, ikhasimende laseMelika kumele lidlule ezinqubweni zokugunyazwa kwempahla ephumayo kwamanye amazwe futhi lizikhokhele ngokwalo izintela zokungenisa.
Umehluko ku-DDP:Umehluko omkhulu usehlangothini elibhekele ukugunyazwa kwentela engenayo kanye nezintela. Ngaphansi kwe-DDU, umthengi unomthwalo wemfanelo wokuthola imvume yokungena ezweni kanye nokukhokhela imisebenzi, kuyilapho ngaphansi kwe-DDP, umdayisi uthwala lezi zibopho. Lokhu kwenza i-DDU ifaneleke kakhulu lapho abanye abathengi befuna ukulawula inqubo yokugunyazwa kwempahla ephumayo kwamanye amazwe noma benezidingo ezikhethekile zokugunyazwa kwentela. Ukulethwa kwe-Express kungabuye kubhekwe njengesevisi ye-DDU ngokwezinga elithile, kanye namakhasimende athumela izimpahla ngemikhumbiimpahla emoyeni or impahla yasolwandlengokuvamile ukhetha isevisi ye-DDU.
Imigomo ye-DDP (Delivered Duty Paid):
Incazelo kanye nobubanzi bezibopho:I-DDP imele ukuthi i-Delivered Duty Paid. Leli gama lithi umthengisi unomthwalo wemfanelo omkhulu kakhulu futhi kufanele alethe izimpahla endaweni yomthengi (njengefekthri yomthengi noma i-warehouse) futhi akhokhe zonke izindleko, okuhlanganisa imisebenzi yokungenisa kanye nezintela. Umdayisi unesibopho sazo zonke izindleko kanye nezingozi zokuthutha izimpahla endaweni yomthengi, okuhlanganisa nentela yokuthekelisa kanye neyokungenisa, izintela kanye nokuvunyelwa kwempahla ephumayo. Umthengi unesibopho esincane njengoba edinga kuphela ukuthola izimpahla endaweni okuvunyelwene ngayo.
Isibonelo, umphakeli wezingxenye zezimoto waseShayina uthumela ngomkhumbi ku-UKinkampani yokungenisa. Lapho usebenzisa imigomo ye-DDP, umphakeli waseShayina unesibopho sokuthumela izimpahla zisuka efekthri yase-China ziye endaweni yokugcina impahla yomuntu ongenisa impahla e-UK, okuhlanganisa ukukhokhela imisebenzi yokungenisa e-UK kanye nokuqedela zonke izinqubo zokungenisa. (Abangenisi nabathumela impahla ngaphandle bangaphathisa abathumeli bempahla ukuthi bayiqedele.)
I-DDP inenzuzo kakhulu kubathengi abakhetha ukuzizwisa okungenazinkinga ngoba akudingeki babhekane namasiko noma izimali ezengeziwe. Kodwa-ke, abathengisi kufanele baqaphele imithethonqubo yokungenisa kanye nezimali ezikhokhwayo ezweni lomthengi ukugwema izindleko ezingalindelekile.
I-DAP (Ilethwe endaweni):
Incazelo kanye nobubanzi bezibopho:I-DAP imele ukuthi “Delivered at Place.” Ngaphansi kwalesi sikhathi, umdayisi unesibopho sokuthumela izimpahla endaweni eshiwo, kuze kube yilapho izimpahla sezitholakala ukuze zithululwe umthengi endaweni eqokiwe (njengomnyango wesitolo sothumeli). Kodwa umthengi unesibopho semisebenzi yokungenisa kanye nezintela. Umthengisi kufanele ahlele izinto zokuhamba eziya endaweni okuvunyelwene ngayo futhi athwale zonke izindleko nezingozi kuze kube yilapho impahla ifika kuleyo ndawo. Umthengi unesibopho sokukhokha noma yimiphi imisebenzi yokungenisa, izintela, kanye nezimali zokugunyazwa kwezimpahla zangaphandle uma ukuthunyelwa sekufikile.
Isibonelo, umthumeli wefenisha waseShayina usayina inkontileka ye-DAP neCanadianongenisa ngaphandle. Bese-ke umthengisi waseShayina kumele abe nesibopho sokuthumela ifenisha isuka efekthri yaseShayina ngolwandle iye endaweni yokugcina impahla eqokwe umthengisi waseCanada.
I-DAP yindawo ephakathi phakathi kwe-DDU ne-DDP. Ivumela abathengisi ukuthi baphathe izinto zokulethwa ngenkathi benikeza abathengi ukulawula inqubo yokungenisa. Amabhizinisi afuna ukulawula izindleko zokungenisa ngokuvamile akhetha leli gama.
Isibopho sokugunyazwa kweCustoms:Umdayisi unesibopho sokugunyazwa kwempahla ephumayo kwamanye amazwe, futhi umthengi unesibopho sokugunyazwa kwentela evela kwamanye amazwe. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma uthumela echwebeni laseShayina, umthumeli wempahla kudingeka adlule kuzo zonke izinqubo zokuthekelisa; futhi lapho izimpahla zifika echwebeni laseCanada, ongenisa impahla ngaphandle unesibopho sokuqedela izinqubo zokugunyazwa kwentela yempahla engenayo, njengokukhokha amanani okungenisa kanye nokuthola amalayisense okungenisa.
Imigomo emithathu engenhla yokuthumela indlu ngendlu ingasingathwa abathumeli bempahla, okuphinde kube ukubaluleka kokuthunyelwa kwethu kwempahla:ukusiza abathekelisa nabathumela impahla kwamanye amazwe bahlukanise izibopho zabo kanye nokuletha izimpahla endaweni ngesikhathi futhi ngokuphepha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-03-2024
